论康德的图型法

On Kant’s Schematism

康德的图型法在学界受到的评价不一,甚至有学者认为图型法是多余的,从康德哲学的内部结构、先验逻辑较之形式逻辑的独特性以及康德对经验论抽象理论的批判三个角度来看,图型法是必要的。但是图型法的确存在一些理解上的难题,这表现为图型与概念的同质性、图型与概念在数量上的不一致性以及图型法的行文过分简洁与内容极为丰富之间的张力。进一步分析表明,图型法所存在的问题本身体现了康德哲学的内在张力,同时体现了康德哲学的积极意义,这不仅使其对费希特、谢林、黑格尔等德国古典哲学家产生影响,也使其持续性地在当代语言哲学、心灵哲学、心理学和人工智能等领域发挥作用。

Kant’s schematism has received mixed evaluations in academia,with some scholars even considering it to be superfluous?However,from the perspectives of the internal structure of Kant’s philosophy,the uniqueness of transcendental logic compared to formal logic,and Kant’s critique of the abstract theory of empiricism,the schematism is necessary?Nevertheless,there are indeed some difficulties in understanding the schematism,which can be seen in the homogeneity of diagrams and concepts,the inconsistency in quantity between diagrams and concepts,and the tension between the concise expression and rich content of the schematism?Further analysis demonstrates that the issues arising from the schematism itself manifest the inner tensions of Kant’s philosophy,while also showcasing its positive significance?This not only influences German classical philosophers such as Fichte,Schelling,and Hegel but also continues to have an impact on contemporary fields such as philosophy of language,philosophy of mind,psychology,and artificial intelligence?