谢林论本质与形式

Schelling on Essence and Form

本质与形式是同一哲学时期谢林频繁讨论的两个概念。这一时期谢林认为万物共同的唯一本质是绝对同一,而不同事物具有不同的形式,因而相互殊异。据此,事物受到本质与形式的双重规定。为厘清这双重规定之间的关系,谢林创造性地糅合存在形式、表现形式、认识形式这三个概念,提出在一般意义上形式并非本质,唯有哲学认识到的绝对形式与本质才是同一的,从而消解了事物之中本质与形式的双重规定界限不明的问题,创新了本质与形式理论。但是,谢林的方案使本质之中也出现双重规定问题,绝对同一既是作为绝对形式的“命题A=A”,又是作为物质的无限潜能。对绝对同一的双重解释表明,双重规定问题并未彻底解决。

Essence and form are two concepts frequently discussed by Schelling in the identity philosophy period?During this period,Schelling believed that the only essence of all things is the absolute identity,and different things have different forms,so they are different from each other?Accordingly,things are subject to the dual prescriptions of essence and form?In order to clarify the relationship between these dual prescriptions,Schelling creatively combined the three concepts of existence form,expression form and cognitive form,and put forward that form is not essence in the general sense?Only the absolute form and essence recognized by philosophy are identical,thus dispelling the problem of unclear boundary between the dual provisions of essence and form in things,and innovating the theory of essence and form?However,Schelling’s scheme also leads to the problem of dual prescriptions in essence?Absolute identity is both the“proposition A=A”as an absolute form and the infinite potential as material?The dual interpretation of absolute identity shows that the problem of dual prescription has not been completely solved?