略论海德格尔的“源始伦理学”及其解释学向度

Brief Discussion on Heidegger’s“Originary Ethics”and its Hermeneutic Dimension

海德格尔对存在问题的追问包含对基于西方形而上学传统的“伦理学”的批判,这种批判暗示一种“伦理指引”,即他所谓的“源始伦理学”。这种“源始伦理学”或“元伦理学”隶属于他“转向”后所突出的“元存在论”,从而打开了一种更为本源、更为广阔的关切天、地、人、神四方的“伦理之思”。它不再只是属人的“伦理”,而是关切人与自然万物成其本质的“共-在的居留之伦理”,而且它本身就具有解释学向度。伽达默尔后期探讨的作为一种“哲学伦理学”的可能性,与海德格尔的“源始伦理学”相呼应,他们共同开辟了一条摆脱人的“伦理困境”的道路,其意义深远。

Heidegger’s inquiry into the question of Being includes a critique of“ethics”based on the Western metaphysical tradition,which implies an“ethical guidance”,which he calls“origin ethics”?This kind of“originary ethics”or“meta-ethics”belongs to the“meta-ontology”highlighted after his“turning”,and thus opening up a more original and broader“ethical thinking”that cares about sky and earth,mortals and divinities?It is no longer just an“ethos”that belongs to human beings,but an“ethos of the abode of being-with”that cares about the occurring essentially of human beings and natural things,and it has its own hermeneutic dimension?Gadamer’s later exploration of the possibility of“philosophical ethics”echoes Heidegger’s“originary ethics”,and they jointly open a way to get rid of human’s“ethical dilemma”,which has far-reaching significance?