针刺治疗癌性疼痛的镇痛机制研究进展

Research progress on analgesic mechanism of acupuncture for cancer pain

癌性疼痛是中晚期癌症患者常见的并发症之一,给患者及其家人的身心带来极大的痛苦,也严重干扰了抗肿瘤的治疗进程。针刺是治疗癌性疼痛的一种有效方法,具有操作简便、起效快捷、不良反应用小等优势,临床应用广泛。笔者整理了近年来国内外有关针刺治疗癌性疼痛机制研究的相关文献,分别从外周水平和中枢水平两个方面总结了针刺对癌性疼痛的镇痛作用机制。针刺能对外周免疫炎性反应、离子通道表达、痛觉相关受体表达,以及中枢神经元敏化、内源性痛觉调制系统、痛觉传导通路等多个方面进行调节,从而发挥镇痛效应。利用高通量的多组学技术和神经影像学手段对针刺前后的脑区或体液进行检测和分析,是今后针刺镇痛研究的重点。

Cancer pain is one of the common complications in patients with intermediate or advanced cancer,which brings severe sufferings to patients and their families,and also seriously interferes with the anti-tumor process.Acupuncture is an effective method for the treatment of cancer pain,which has the advantages of simple operation,quick effect and fewer side effects,and is widely used in clinic.In this paper,we reviewed the relevant literature on the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of cancer pain both at home and abroad in recent years,and summarized the analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture for cancer pain from the peripheral level and the central level.It is found that acupuncture can relieve cancer pain by regulating immune inflammatory response,expression of ion channels and painrelated receptors,remising central sensitization,activating endogenous pain modulating system and suppressing pain transmission pathways.In addition,we also think that the use of high-throughput multi-omics techniques and neuroimaging methods to detect and analyze the brain areas or body fluids before and after acupuncture should be the focus of acupuncture analgesia research in the future.