我国高校STEM人才培养的现状与趋势——基于整体分析模型

The Current Status and Trends of STEM Talent Cultivation in Chinese Universities:Based on a Holistic Analysis Model of STEM Programs

STEM代表科学、技术、工程和数学,涉及从基础教育到高等教育具有创新精神和实践能力的复合型人才的体系化培养。目前,我国基础教育阶段的STEM教育蓬勃开展,高等教育阶段正在关注STEM领域的人才培养。结合长三角教育现代化监测评估实证研究,本研究引入大语言模型判断等技术,搭建了我国高等教育STEM专业人才培养整体分析模型,对我国高校STEM专业人才培养规模、学科结构、区域差异及发展趋势进行系统分析。研究指出,我国STEM教育亟待建立培养整体规划布局,实施STEM专业人才培养质量提升计划,引导各区域及高校选择合适的差异化发展路径,并建立STEM专业人才培养监测评估及指导体系,为教育强国建设提供有力人才支撑。

STEM,representing Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics,encompasses the systematic cultivation of talents with both innovative spirit and practical abilities,spanning from basic to higher education.Currently,STEM education in China is thriving at the basic education level,while attention to higher education is beginning to STEM Talent.Based on empirical research from the Yangtze River Delta Education Modernization Monitoring and Evaluation Project,this study integrates technologies such as large language models to build a holistic analysis model for STEM talent cultivation in higher education.The model provides a comprehensive analysis of the scale of STEM talent cultivation,disciplinary structure,regional disparities,and development trends in Chinese universities.There is an urgent need for China to establish a strategic framework for STEM education,implement initiatives to enhance the quality of STEM talent training,guide regions and universities in adopting differentiated development paths,and establish a monitoring and evaluation system for STEM talent cultivation,providing strong support for building an education powerhouse.