再生水生态利用安全保障需求与发展策略

SAFETY GUARANTEE REQUIREMENTS AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES FOR ECOLOGICAL USES OF RECLAIMED WATER

再生水生态利用可缓解水资源短缺和改善城市水生态环境。但是,目前还存在再生水的生态效应不清楚,相关水质指标体系和阈值确定方法不完善,深度处理工艺和生态缓冲区构建待优化,经济成本、节能降碳和环境效益缺乏统筹等关键问题。因此,亟需建立快速评价水质生态安全的有效技术与方法,厘清再生水的生态效应,完善再生水水质标准的指标体系,建立体现环境特质的再生水水质安全阈值确定方法,开发新污染物和病原微生物等关键风险因子的绿色去除技术,明晰生态缓冲区构建原理和水质净化融合机制,建立再生水生态利用综合环境效益评价方法和再生水生态利用方案优化方法。

The ecological utilization of reclaimed water can alleviate water resource shortages and improve urban ecological environments.However,there are currently several key issues waiting for answers or solutions,including potential ecological effects of reclaimed water,a complete water quality indicator system and threshold-determining methods,an optimization of advanced treatment processes and ecological buffer zone construction,and an integrated evaluation system combining economic costs,energy conservation,carbon reduction,and environmental benefits.Therefore,it is an urgent need to establish effective technologies and methods for rapid assessment of water quality for ecological safety,clarify the ecological effects of reclaimed water,improve the indicator system for reclaimed water quality standards,develop methods for determining safety thresholds under different environmental characteristics,green technologies for the removal of key risk factors such as new pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms,clarify the water quality purification mechanisms,construction principles,and methods of the ecological buffer zones,and create comprehensive evaluation methods for the environmental benefits of reclaimed water ecological utilization as well as optimization methods for reclaimed water ecological utilization strategies.