身份建构与合法性获取:外源型社会组织参与乡村振兴的一个解释框架——基于北京市C乡的案例考察

Identity Construction and Legitimacy Acquisition:An Explanatory Framework for the Participation of Exogenous Social Organizations in Rural Revitalization--Case Study Based on C Township in Beijing

社会组织参与乡村振兴,既是近现代以来我国乡村建设百年历程的延续,又是新时代下国家战略调整的必然选择。作为外源于乡村的社会力量,社会组织何以适应农村地区复杂的熟人社会网络,并寻求制度层面的合理空间,需要更具穿透性的本土理论解释。本文通过对组织身份和组织合法性理论的梳理,提出了一个身份建构和合法性获取的联动解释框架,并对北京市C乡进行了案例考察。研究发现:(1)上层身份建构和政治合法性获取,是社会组织参与乡村振兴的前提,这个过程需要政府的“权威背书”和“政策支撑”;(2)专业身份建构和行业合法性获取,是社会组织参与乡村振兴的基础,通过政策塑造、项目设计、就业吸纳三方面的能力展现,可以实现技术突围;(3)社会身份建构和认知合法性获取,是社会组织参与乡村振兴的关键,当地文化传统、公共利益、价值规范是需要关注的行动重点。

The participation of social organizations in rural revitalization is not only a continuation of the century long history of rural construction in China since modern times,but also an inevitable choice for national strategic adjustment in the new era.As an external social force from rural areas,how social organizations can adapt to the complex social network of acquaintances in rural areas and seek reasonable institutional space requires more penetrating local theoretical explanations.This article proposes a collaborative explanatory framework for identity construction and legitimacy acquisition by reviewing the theories of organizational identity and legitimacy,and conducts a case study on C Township in Beijing.Research has found that:1)The construction of upper level identity and the acquisition of political legitimacy are prerequisites for social organizations to participate in rural revitalization,and this process requires the government's“authoritative endorsement”and“policy support”.2)The construction of professional identity and the acquisition of industry legitimacy are the foundation for social organizations to participate in rural revitalization.By demonstrating their abilities in policy shaping,project design,and employment absorption,they can achieve technological breakthroughs;3)The construction of social identity and the acquisition of cognitive legitimacy are key factors for social organizations to participate in rural revitalization,and local cultural traditions,public interests,and value norms are the focus of action that need to be paid attention to.