多水源供水条件下的嗅味复合效应及综合去除效果

Odor Compound Effect and Its Comprehensive Removal under the Condition of Multi-source Water Supply

多水源供水模式会增加水中嗅味问题的复杂性。为研究多水源供水条件下多种嗅味之间的复合效应及多种嗅味物质共存对工艺除嗅效果的影响,采用嗅觉层次分析法(FPA)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法进行检测分析。结果表明,不同嗅味类型之间的复合效应形式存在差异,即掩蔽、协同或共存,且嗅味之间复合效应的形式会随嗅味强度等级的改变而变化。当嗅味强度等级较低时(FPA=2~6),土霉味与鱼腥味或土霉味与青草味易共存,即两种嗅味类型可同时表达;当嗅味强度等级较高时(FPA=8~10),鱼腥味、青草味均会对土霉味产生掩蔽效应。多种嗅味物质共存会对高锰酸钾的除嗅能力产生影响,针对嗅味物质总浓度均为100 ng/L的2-甲基异莰醇、二甲基三硫醚、β-环柠檬醛单一物质溶液与混合溶液,高锰酸钾对嗅味物质的总去除率分别为11.72%、46.58%、82.79%和49.34%,这与嗅味物质的分子结构有关;粉末活性炭对上述溶液中嗅味物质的总去除率分别为88.78%、96.58%、87.95%和91.71%,说明多种嗅味物质共存对粉末活性炭除嗅能力的影响较弱,这主要与粉末活性炭的孔径、炭表面化学性质等自身特性有关。

The multi-source water supply is likely to increase the complexity of the odor issue in the water.To investigate the compound effect of various odors and the influence of their coexistence on the odor removal effect of the water treatment process under multi-source water supply condition,the flavor profile analysis(FPA)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were employed for detection and analysis.There existed disparities in the form of compound effect among different odor types,namely,masking,coordination or coexistence,and the form of compound effect among odor types varied along with the alteration of odor intensity level. When the odor intensity level was low (FPA ranging from 2 to 6),earthy and fishy odor or earthy and grassy odor could coexist effortlessly, that was, both types of odorscould be manifested simultaneously. When the odor intensity level was higher (FPA ranging from 8 to 10),both the fishy and grassy odor exerted a masking effect on the earthy odor. The coexistence of diverse odorsubstances influenced the removal capability of potassium permanganate. For the single substancesolution and the mixed solution of 2-methylisonborneol (2-MIB), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) andβ-cyclocitral with the total concentration of odor substances at 100 ng/L, the total removal efficiencies ofodorants by potassium permanganate were 11.72%, 46.58%, 82.79% and 49.34%, respectively, whichwere associated with the molecular structure of odorants. The total removal efficiencies of odor substancesin the aforementioned solution by powdered activated carbon (PAC) were 88.78%, 96.58%, 87.95%, and91.71%, respectively. This indicated that the coexistence of various odor substances had a limited impacton the odorant removal capacity of PAC, which was mainly associated with the pore size and surfacechemical properties of PAC.