鲟鱼育种及新品种选育研究进展

Research progress on sturgeon breeding and new varieties selection

鲟鱼是鲟形目鱼类的统称。它们不仅具有重要的进化地位,而且具有重要的经济价值。鲟鱼新品种选育研究在近几十年取得了显著进展。本文综述了鲟鱼新品种选育的主要方法,包括杂交育种、雌核发育、性逆转诱导、基因编辑、家系选育、基因组选择和细胞水平育种,讨论了各技术的应用现状,在育种上相关研究和取得的重要突破,并结合我们育种实践积累的经验,展望鲟鱼育种和种业的未来发展,为未来的鲟鱼育种研究提供理论基础和实践指导。

Sturgeon collectively refers to the species within the order Acipenseriformes.These fish are not only pivotal in evolutionary terms but also carry a considerable economic value.In recent decades,significant advances have been made in the research and development of new sturgeon varieties.In this review,a comprehensive review of the primary methods employed in sturgeon breeding,including hybrid breeding,gynogenesis,sex reversal induction,gene editing,family selection,and genomic selection was provided.The current application of these techniques,highlighting the key research breakthroughs achieved in breeding,and the future advancements in sturgeon breeding and the seed industry are also discussed.Finally,together with our accumulated experiences from practical breeding efforts,a perspective for future sturgeon breeding research from both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance was provided.