全国美展与中国油画的“主旋律”与“多样化”发展道路

The National Exhibition of Fine Arts and the"Overarching Theme"and"Diversified"Development Path of Chinese oil painting

本文以全国美展和中国油画发展的现代性进程为视野,探讨新时期在美展评奖、“出人才”和“出作品”的总体方向下中国油画所出现的新变化,不仅深深留下了不同时期的社会生活、政治文化和观照历史经典的印迹,代表了一个时期国家文化艺术发展的主流思想,而且从中应运而生了不同阶段的国家话语和社会的美学原则。从第五届美展以评奖的方式开启中国美术“改革”的春风来看,中国油画的现代性之路具有明显的阶段性特征,具体可概括为转向、转变和转型三个历史阶段的进程。进入新世纪,全国美展确立了“弘扬主旋律、提倡多样化”的发展道路,并在弘扬主旋律的美展精神上,走向对大历史、大时代的史诗性观照。

With the National Exhibition of Fine Arts and the modernization of Chinese oil painting as the topic,this article discusses changes in Chinese oil painting in the new era under the influence of the awards of the Exhibition and the general direction of"cultivating talented artists and creating excellent artworks".These can be considered the footprints of social life,politics,culture and historical classics in different periods,represent the general trend of cultural and artistic development in a certain period,and help develop national discourse system and create principles of aesthetics.Awards were presented for the first time at the 5th edition of the Exhibition,which marked the beginning of the"reform"of Chinese fine arts.From this,it can be concluded that the modernization of Chinese oil painting has witnessed three stages,including transitioning,changing and transforming.Since the 21st Century,the Exhibition has embarked on a development path of"promoting the overarching theme and advocating diversification",and has,on this basis,focused on great history and the great times.