城市青少年校外身体活动社会影响因素及其作用路径

Social Factors and Action Pathways of Extracurricular Physical Activities among Chinese Urban Adolescents

以社会生态系统理论与身体活动健康促进理论为基础,分析我国城市青少年校外身体活动社会生态影响因素及其作用路径与强度系数。城市青少年校外身体活动的社会生态影响因素具有多元性,其分别来自宏观、中观与微观社会生态系统的不同层面,其中微观层面的因素包括青少年的年龄、抑郁水平、自身医学健康促进知识、参与不同强度的身体活动能力以及高血压、糖尿病等;中观层面主要涉及父母的就业状况、社区安全、社区体育活动、体育活动社会交往、社区以外的社会体育活动等;宏观层面主要是青少年的居住城市。以上因素在影响城市青少年参与校外身体活动过程中存在交互作用,且强度系数各异,既可以直接影响我国城市青少年的校外身体活动行为,也可通过中间变量产生间接影响,而作为中间变量的影响因素,亦可直接影响城市青少年的校外身体活动。

Based on the theories of social ecosystem and physical activity health promotion,this paper analyzed the relevant social and ecological influencing factors,their pathways,and intensity coefficients of extracurricular physical activity among urban adolescents in China.It is found that the social and ecological factors affecting the physical activities of urban adolescents outside school are diverse,which come from different levels of the macro,meso and micro social ecosystems,among which the micro level factors include the age of adolescents,depression level,knowledge of health promotion,ability to participate in physical activities of different intensities,hypertension,diabetes.The influencing factors at the meso level mainly involve parents'employment status,community safety,community sports activities,social interaction in sports activities,and social sports activities outside the community.The macro level factor is mainly the living city of teenagers.There is an interactive effect of relevant factors on the participation of urban adolescents in extracurricular physical activities,and the intensity coefficients vary.They can directly affect the extracurricular physical activity behavior of urban adolescents in China,or indirectly affect the extracurricular physical activity behavior of urban adolescents through intermediate variables.As an intermediate variable,the influencing factors can also directly affect the extracurricular physical activity of urban adolescents in China.