“体脑双优”发展背景下小学生体智能促进的实证研究

Empirical Study on the Promotion of Physical Intelligence in Primary School Students under the Development Background of Body Brain Dual Excellence

体育运动与脑智开发是当今世界的热点问题,儿童“体脑双优”发展刻不容缓,促进儿童体智能发展有助于实现“体脑双优”发展目标。运用文献资料法、实验法等,以方便抽样方式抽取60名小学生,开展为期8周的教学干预,以探究中国健康体育课程模式对小学生体智能的影响。研究表明:(1)干预后,实验班在位移、操控、稳定和精细动作技能、问题解决能力、体智能总水平方面均显著优于干预前(P<0.001),对照班位移技能和体智能总水平显著优于干预前(P<0.05);(2)干预后,实验班位移、操控、稳定和精细动作技能、问题解决能力、体智能总水平均显著优于对照班(P<0.05);(3)实验班在稳定、操控、精细动作技能、问题解决能力和体智能总水平方面的干预前-后增量均显著大于对照班(P<0.05)。结论:中国健康体育课程模式、运动技能掌握式教学模式均能显著促进小学生的体智能发展,但中国健康体育课程模式对小学生体智能的促进效益显著优于运动技能掌握式教学模式。

Sports and brain development are hot topics in the world today,and the development of children with both body and brain development is urgent.Promoting the development of children’s physical intelligence can help achieve the goal of“dual optimization of body and brain”.This study used literature review and experimental methods to select 60 primary students through convenient sampling,and conducts an 8-week teaching intervention to explore the impact of the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model on the physical intelligence of the primary students.Results showed that:①After intervention,the experimental class showed significant improvement in displacement,manipulation,stability,fine motor skills,problem-solving ability,and overall level of physical intelligence compared to before intervention(P<0.001).The displacement skills and overall level of physical intelligence in the control class after intervention were significantly better than those before intervention(P<0.05);②After intervention,the experimental class showed significantly better displacement,manipulation,stability,fine motor skills,problem-solving ability,and overall intelligence than the control class(P<0.05);③The pre-and post intervention increments of stability,manipulation,fine motor skills,problem-solving ability,and overall level of physical intelligence in the experimental class were significantly higher than those in the control class(P<0.05).Both the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model and the Sports Skill Mastery Teaching Model can promote the development of physical intelligence in the primary students,and the promotion effect of the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model on physical intelligence in the primary students is better than that of the Sports Skill Mastery Teaching Model.