城市居住社区配套体育场地设施的关键议题与法制进路

Key Issues and Legal Approach of Supporting Sports Facilities in Urban Residential Communities

研究以新修订《体育法》第八十三条“居住社区”“国家有关规定”“居民日常健身”三个关键词为切入点,结合全民健身的补短板工程和完整居住社区建设,依据公共服务理论,聚焦城市居住社区体育场地设施建设的“实效”展开学理与法理论证。研究强调“居民日常健身”应侧重特定目标群体的体育权利保障,主张“居住社区”体育场地设施配建应然空间尺度下沉至“现状居住小区”“既有居住小区”,讨论“国家有关规定”的协同机制与现行法规政策之间的有效衔接,关键是保障体育用地有效供给的法制建设。居住社区体育用地有效供给的实质是城市稀缺土地资源的有效利用和再分配,涉及多方行为主体的不同利益诉求,其复杂程度和技术难度要求建立专门法律制度进行规制。建议以三种方式渐次推进,现有相关行政法规的协同细化、“全民健身”配套立法设置独立章节、体育用地供给“专项立法”或“授权立法”,核心是完善全民健身保障体系法制化建设。

Based on the three key words of Article 83 of the newly revised Sports Law,“residential community”,“relevant national regulations”and“resident’s daily fitness”,the study combined the national fitness project and the construction of complete residential community,and carried out theoretical and legal arguments focusing on the“effectiveness”of the construction of sports venues and facilities in urban residential communities according to the theory of public service.The study emphasizes that“residents daily fitness”should focus on the protection of sports rights of specific target groups,advocates that the spatial dimension of“residential community”sports venue facilities should be sunken to the“current residential community”and“existing residential community”.To discuss the effective connection between the coordination mechanism of“relevant national regulations”and the existing laws and policies,the key issue is the legal construction to ensure the effective supply of sports land.The essence of the effective supply of sports land in residential communities is the effective use and redistribution of scarce urban land resources,which involves different interest demands of multiple actors,and its complexity and technical difficulty require the establishment of a special legal system to regulate it.It is proposed to promote it gradually in three ways:the coordinated elaboration of existing relevant administrative regulations,the setting of independent chapters in the supporting legislation of“national fitness”,and the provision of sports land for“special legislation”or“authorized legislation”,the core is to improve the legal construction of the national fitness security system.