随迁小学生歧视知觉对群体信任影响的纵向研究

A longitudinal study on effect of perceived discrimination on intergroup trust in migrant primary school students

目的:探究随迁子女歧视知觉与群体信任之间的动态变化及其方向性。方法:选取福州市某小学随迁子女69名,进行为期2年的追踪(基线为T1,2年随访为T2)。使用流动儿童歧视知觉问卷和信任博弈任务分别测量随迁子女的歧视知觉和群体信任。采用相关分析、交叉滞后分析检验和重复测量方差分析对结果进行统计。结果:随迁小学生T2歧视知觉得分低于T1(P<0.001);从横向数据看,同时期的歧视知觉得分与内外群体信任负向关联(P<0.05);从纵向数据看,T1歧视知觉与T2内群体信任选择率的关联无统计学意义(P>0.05)。T1内群体信任得分和外群体信任得分之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),T2外群体信任得分低于内群体信任得分(P<0.05)。结论:随时间变化,随迁子女的歧视知觉水平下降,其对内群体的信任不断增加;随迁子女的歧视知觉在一定程度上能够负向预测内群体信任。

Objective:To explore the dynamics and directionality between perceived discrimination and intergroup trust in migrant children.Methods:Totally 69 migrant children from a primary school in Fuzhou were selected and followed up for two years.The Questionnaire on Perceived Discrimination among Migrant Children and the trust game task were used to measure migrant children′s perceived discrimination and intergroup trust,respectively.Statistical analysis of the results was conducted using correlation analysis,cross-lagged regression analysis,and repeated measures ANOVA.Results:There was a significant decrease in perceived discrimination after 2 years(P<0.05).From the cross-sectional data,the perceived discrimination negatively predicts the in-group and out-group trust in the same period(P<0.05).However,in the longitudinal view,the predictive effect of pretest perceived discrimination on in-group trust selection rate within post-test is not significant(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between in-group trust and out-group trust in the pre-test(P>0.05).Conclusion:Change over time,the level of perceived discrimination in migrant children may decrease.Although the statistical results are not significant,there is still a potential negative predictive trend of perceived discrimination on in-group trust,and the migrant children may gradually shift to ingroup trust.