GDM孕妇孕中晚期增重速率与糖脂代谢及新生儿结局的关系

Relationship between Mid Late Stage Pregnancy Weight Gain Rate and Glycolipid Metabolism and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with GDM

目的:分析妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇孕中晚期增重速率与糖脂代谢及新生儿结局的关系。方法:选取2023年1-8月福州市第二总医院妇幼保健院收治的290例GDM孕妇。根据孕中晚期增重速率将其分为过快组(103例)、正常组(142例)及过慢组(45例)。所有孕妇均进行糖脂代谢指标检测。比较三组糖代谢指标、脂代谢指标、新生儿结局。结果:过快组空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平均高于正常组和过慢组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。过快组甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、载脂蛋白B(Apo-B)水平均高于正常组和过慢组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。过快组早产儿发生率低于过慢组,巨大儿发生率高于过慢组和正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:GDM孕妇孕中晚期增重速率过快会引起糖脂代谢异常,增加巨大儿发生风险,但会降低早产儿发生率。

Objective:To analyze the relationship between mid late stage pregnancy weight gain rate and glycolipid metabolism and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Method:A total of 290 pregnant women with GDM admitted to Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Fuzhou Second General Hospital from January to August 2023 were selected.According to the weight gain rate in the mid late stage of pregnancy,they were divided into fast group(103 cases),normal group(142 cases)and slow group(45 cases).All pregnant women were tested for glycolipid metabolism.Glucose metabolism indexes,lipid metabolism indexes and neonatal outcomes were compared among the three groups.Result:Fasting blood glucose(FPG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels in the fast group were higher than those in the normal group and the slow group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC)and apolipoprotein B(Apo-B)in fast group were higher than those in normal group and slow group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of premature infants in the fast group was lower than that in the slow group,and the incidence of giant infants was higher than that in the slow group and the normal group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Excessive weight gain rate in the mid and late stage of GDM pregnant woman can cause abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism,increase the risk of macrosomia,but reduce the incidence of premature babies.