供销合作社综合改革与农户增收——基于2014年供销合作社综合改革试点的准自然实验

Comprehensive Reform of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives and Farmer Income Increase:A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the 2014 Pilot Program

本文以2014年的供销合作社综合改革试点为准自然实验,基于2010-2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据,实证检验供销合作社综合改革对农户的增收效应。研究发现:供销合作社综合改革可以提高农村家庭的人均收入,该结论在一系列稳健性检验中依然成立;供销合作社综合改革主要通过降低农资成本、提供技术支持、推动土地适度规模经营、促进农产品销售等机制促进农户增收。进一步研究发现,供销合作社综合改革可以缓解农户个体之间、地区之间、城乡之间的贫富差距,进而促进共同富裕。本文的研究结论有助于认识供销合作社在新时代下的存续价值,为供销合作社综合改革的持续推进提供经验证据支撑。在未来深化供销合作社改革的进程中,可以考虑健全中国特色的供销合作社治理体系,重点建设农村地区和欠发达地区的供销合作社基础,并注意对接收入较低的小农户。

Using the comprehensive reform pilot of supply and marketing cooperatives(SMCs)in 2014 as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper empirically examines the income-increasing effect of the comprehensive reform of SMCs on rural households based on the data of the 2010-2020 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS).The study finds that the comprehensive reform of SMCs increases the per capita income of rural households.This conclusion remains robust across a series of robustness checks.The comprehensive reform of SMCs promotes income increase primarily through mechanisms such as reducing agricultural input costs,providing technical support,promoting moderate-scale land management,and enhancing the sales of agricultural products.Further analysis reveals that the comprehensive reform of SMCs alleviates poverty disparities within individual farmers,across regions,and between urban and rural areas,thereby promoting common prosperity.The conclusions of this paper contribute to understanding the enduring value of SMCs in the new era and provide empirical evidence to support the continuous advancement of their comprehensive reform.In the process of deepening the reform of SMCs in the future,it is supposed to consider improving the governance system of SMCs with Chinese characteristics,focusing on building the foundation of SMCs in rural and less developed areas,and paying attention to connecting with small farmers with lower incomes.