实习护士定科时间和定科偏好调查研究

Investigation on the Time and Preference of Practice Nurses in Department Selection

目的通过对实习护士定科时间、定科偏好及影响因素调查分析,为护士招聘和定科工作提供参考。方法选取2022年5—6月和2023年5—6月于中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院和海南医科大学结束实习的实习护士,采取便利抽样法抽取174名为研究对象,问卷内容主要包括一般资料、自行编制的定科时间和定科偏好问卷、薪资期望情况,分析定科影响因素,及男女实习护士的定科偏好及薪资期望差异。结果174名实习护士中,113名(64.9%)实习护士希望先规培,61名(35.1%)实习护士希望先定科。85名(48.85%)实习护士认为科室氛围是定科偏好最重要的影响因素,49名(28.16%)实习护士选择待遇,18名(10.34%)实习护士选择发展前景。根据科室喜欢程度评分,男生喜欢的前3位科室分别是手术室[(7.62±2.67)分]、外科[(7.04±2.13)分]、ICU[(6.77±2.63)分];女生喜欢的前3位科室分别是外科[(7.24±2.09)分]、手术室[(5.72±2.90)分]、急诊[(5.58±2.71)分]。不同性别间的科室偏好的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在期望薪资上,146名实习护士填写了具体最低期望薪资,不同性别在最低期望薪资上比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床需注意实习护士需求,科学调控轮转时机,根据性别差异合理定科,同时建立良好融洽的科室氛围,给予合理薪酬,以吸引和留住人才。

Objective To understand the time,preference and influencing factors of clinical appointment for practice nurses,and to provide reference for the recruitment and department arrangement of nurses.Methods A total of 174 practical nurses who completed their practice in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University and Hainan Medical University from May to June 2022 and from May to June 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method.The questionnaire contents mainly included general information,self-prepared questionnaires on appointment time and preference,and salary expectation.The influencing factors of clinical practice were analyzed,and the differences of clinical practice preference and salary expectation between male and female practice nurses were analyzed.Results Among 174 practice nurses,113(64.9%)practice nurses wanted to be trained first,61(35.1%)practice nurses wanted to be hospitalized first,85(48.85%)practice nurses believed that the atmosphere of the department was the most important factor affecting the preference of the department,49(28.16%)practice nurses chose salary,and 18(10.34%)practice nurses chose development prospect.According to the scores of department preference,the top three departments favored by male students were operating room[(7.62±2.67)points],surgery[(7.04±2.13)points]and ICU[(6.77±2.63)points].The top three departments favored by females were surgery[(7.24±2.09)points],operating room[(5.72±2.90)points]and emergency room[(5.58±2.71)points].There were significant differences in department preference between genders(P<0.05).In terms of expected salary,146 practice nurses filled in the specific expected minimum salary,and the difference between different genders in expected minimum salary was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to the needs of practice nurses,scientifically regulate the rotation time,rationally select departments according to gender differences,establish a good and harmonious department atmosphere,and give reasonable salaries to attract and retain talents.