医学院校开展实验动物福利伦理普及性教育的探索

Exploration on Universal Education of Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics in Medical Colleges and Universities

动物实验是医学院校教学和科研的基础和支撑条件,实验动物作为活体生命材料和人类替代品,在此过程中起着不可替代的作用。在我国科技伦理治理的要求下,医学院学生和科研人员应具有正确、合理使用实验动物的能力,医学院院校应具有良好的科研伦理环境。而当前医学院学生普遍存在对实验动物福利伦理的认知度不高、实践能力缺乏等问题;医学院校在实验动物福利伦理课程教育方面普遍存在内容简单、覆盖面窄的问题,在福利伦理文件制度方面也缺少应有的解读与宣传。文章就上述存在的问题,以重庆大学医学院实际教育工作为例,从加强实验动物福利伦理课程建设、拓宽人员培训范围、加大伦理制度宣传以及完善伦理审查流程等方面实施,探索医学院校开展的实验动物福利伦理教育与普及方法。

Animal experiments are the foundation and supporting conditions of teaching and research in medical colleges and universities.Laboratory animals,as living materials and human substitutes,play an irreplaceable role in this process.Under the requirements of ethical governance in science and technology in our country,medical students and researchers should have the ability to use laboratory animals correctly and reasonably,and medical colleges and universities should have a good research ethics environment.However,current medical school students generally have low awareness of the welfare and ethics of laboratory animals and lack practical abilities;medical colleges generally have the problem of simple content and narrow coverage in the education of laboratory animal welfare and ethics courses,and there is also a lack of proper interpretation and promotion in the system of welfare and ethics documents.This article focuses on the above-mentioned issues,starting from strengthening the construction of ethical courses for laboratory animal welfare and ethics,expanding the scope of personnel training,increasing the promotion of ethical systems,and improving the ethical review process.Taking the actual education work of School of Medicine,Chongqing University as an example,it explores suitable methods for conducting ethical education and popularization of laboratory animal welfare and ethics in medical colleges.