工作连通行为与工作−生活冲突的元分析:基于工作−家庭资源模型的视角

A meta-analysis of work connectivity behavior after-hours andwork-life conflict:Based on the work-home resources model

随着信息和通信技术的不断发展,非工作时间和场所通过信息和通信技术处理工作,即工作连通行为(Work Connectivity Behavior After-hours,简称WCBA),已经成为了一种普遍的现象。由于WCBA是一种发生在非工作时间和场所的工作行为,因而其与工作−生活冲突的关系得到了大量实证研究的关注,但现有的实证结果却不甚一致。本研究基于工作−家庭资源模型提出了一个WCBA影响工作−生活冲突的两阶段过程性理论模型,并在此基础上识别了导致两者之间关系不一致的因素。基于67个独立样本(30498名被试)的元分析结果表明:WCBA与工作−生活冲突具有中等程度的正相关(¯ρ=0.34),两者的相关性受到工作−生活冲突表现形式、WCBA使用工具、婚姻状况、子女抚养状况、样本取样方式和WCBA测量方式的影响。研究结果澄清了WCBA与工作−生活冲突的关系以及关系不一致的原因,并为组织和员工合理地管理WCBA以缓解工作−生活冲突提供了一定的启示。

With the continuous evolution of information and communication technologies,working through information and communication technologies during non-work hours and in non-work locations,referred to as work connectivity behavior after-hours(WCBA),has become increasingly prevalent.Given that WCBA represents a form of work behavior occurring outside of conventional work hours and locations,its association with work-life conflict has garnered significant attention in empirical research.However,existing empirical results regarding this association have not yet reached a consensus.Drawing upon the work-home resources model,this study proposes a two-stage process theoretical model of how WCBA influences work-life conflict,and subsequently identifies factors contributing to the inconsistency in this relationship.The meta-analytic investigation,encompassing data from 67 independent samples comprising 30498 participants,reveals a moderate positive correlation between WCBA and work-life conflict(¯ρ=0.34).Furthermore,the strength of this correlation is contingent upon various factors,including the manifestations of work-life conflict,the tools utilized for WCBA,marital status,parental status,sampling methodology,and measurement methods of WCBA.These findings contribute to a clear understanding of the relationship between WCBA and work-life conflict,as well as offer insights into the factors contributing to the inconsistency in empirical results.Moreover,they provide practical implications for organizations and employees in effectively managing WCBA to mitigate work-life conflict.