环境物质主义的发生机制及条件

The mechanisms and conditions for the occurrence of enviro-materialism

环境物质主义是指持有物质主义价值观的个体参与亲环境行为的现象。与以往关于物质主义价值观和亲环境行为矛盾对立的观点不同,该现象强调对物质财产的追求能够与关心自然环境协调并存。环境物质主义现象发生的心理机制可从交叉融合理论、代价信号理论、印象管理理论、道德补偿理论以及目标框架理论这5个视角来理解,且该现象的发生存在个体、情境和文化三类边界条件,具体包括全球文化认同、环境知识水平,决策情境的公私属性、利益诉求类型、自然接触,以及市场背景、世代。未来研究需进一步明确环境物质主义的内涵,探索更多促进该现象发生的边界条件以及保证其稳定存在的有效策略,并加强对物质主义促进亲环境行为因果机制的探究。

Enviro-materialism refers to the phenomenon that individuals who hold materialistic values engage in pro-environmental behaviors.Unlike previous views on the contradiction between the materialistic values and pro-environmental behavior,the phenomenon emphasizes that the pursuit of material possessions can coexist harmoniously with concern for the natural environment.The psychological mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of enviro-materialism can be understood from five perspectives:crossvergence theory,costly signaling theory,impression management theory,compensatory ethics theory,and goal-framing theory.Moreover,certain individual,situational and cultural boundary conditions are required for the phenomenon to occur,including global cultural identity,levels of environmental knowledge,public-private attributes of decision-making situations,types of benefit appeals,nature contact,market context and generations.Future research needs to further clarify the connotation of enviro-materialism,explore more boundary conditions that promote the phenomenon and effective strategies to ensure its stable existence,and strengthen the inquiry into the causal mechanisms of materialism promoting pro-environmental behaviors.