Advancements in dynamic characteristics analysis of superconducting electrodynamic suspension systems: Modeling, experiment, and optimization

Superconducting electrodynamic suspension (EDS) presents numerous advantages, including large suspension gaps, high lift-to-drag ratios, and lower requirements for track irregularities. Recent advancements in superconducting materials have further enhanced the feasibility of this technology, and hence multiple research institutions are actively developing and improving this high-speed rail technology. Superconducting EDS achieves passive suspension and guidance by the interaction between ground null-flux coils and onboard superconducting magnets, forming an electromechanical coupled system. Thus, electromechanical coupling modeling and equivalent experimental methods are essential in evaluating and optimizing this system. This article reviews the research on dynamic characteristics analysis of superconducting EDS, focusing on modeling and experimental methods. Firstly, it revisits the development history of superconducting EDS and the new opportunities brought by advancements in superconducting materials. Secondly, it discusses various modeling approaches for the suspension system, emphasizing their benefits and limitations. Thirdly, it describes equivalent experimental methods and their respective application scenarios. Then, it reviews important conclusions and possible optimization methods related to dynamic performance and electromechanical coupling research. Additionally, the sliding window method is introduced to improve computational efficiency in vehicle dynamics modeling. This article provides insights into the current state and future directions of superconducting EDS research, serving as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers.