增值税留抵退税对审计质量的影响研究——基于沪深A股上市公司的经验证据

Study on the Influence of VAT Credit on Audit Quality:Based on Empirical Evidence of Shanghai-Shenzhen A-share Listed Companies

高质量审计是推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要力量,增值税留抵退税改变了审计工作的内容和环境,对于审计工作质量有着重要影响。基于《关于2018年退还部分行业增值税留抵税额有关税收政策的通知》(财税[2018]70号)文件设立准自然实验,以2015-2021年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,使用双重差分模型检验了增值税留抵退税对审计质量的影响。研究发现,增值税留抵退税能够通过提高信息透明度和优化公司治理水平来提高审计质量。进一步研究发现,政策实施对审计质量的正向影响在大规模事务所、民营企业以及内部控制较好的企业中发挥更明显的作用。研究结果拓展了增值税留抵退税带来的审计后果,为注册会计师合理应对留抵退税带来的工作变化提供了经验证据,对于寻求审计工作高质量发展有着积极作用。

High-quality audit is an important force to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.VAT retention and refund change the content and environment of audit work,which has an important impact on the quality of audit work.A quasi-natural experiment was set up based on the document“Notice on the Tax Policy on the Refund of VAT Withholding Tax in some Industries in 2018”(Finance and Taxation[2018]No.70).Taking Shanghai-Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2021 as research samples,the impact of VAT withholding tax refund on audit quality was tested using differential differential model.It is found that VAT refunds can improve audit quality by improving information transparency and optimizing corporate governance.Further research shows that the positive impact of policy implementation on audit quality plays a more obvious role in large-scale firms,private enterprises and enterprises with better internal control.The research results expand the audit consequences caused by VAT retention and tax refund,and provide empirical evidence for CPAs to cope with the work changes caused by VAT retention and tax refund,and play a positive role in seeking high-quality development of audit work.