基于数据挖掘的针刺治疗落枕取穴规律分析

Analysis of Acupoint Selection Rules for Treating Stiff Neck Basedon Data Mining

目的:通过数据挖掘技术分析针刺落枕的取穴规律,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:计算机检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台(VIP)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)及中国生物医学文献服务系统(CBM)收录的自建库起至2023年10月13日有关针刺治疗落枕的临床文献。采用Excel表格建立数据库,分析符合纳排标准文献的治疗方法及腧穴选取、腧穴归经、所属部位和特定穴位等方面的应用规律。结果:针刺治疗落枕的临床应用中后溪为最高频次腧穴,紧随其后的是落枕、悬钟和外关等腧穴;腧穴归经主要是手太阳小肠经、足少阳胆经和足太阳膀胱经;所属部位应用最多的为上肢,其次为下肢、颈项部;特定穴以八脉交会穴最为常用,之后是输穴与络穴。聚类分析得到3大类腧穴配伍聚类处方,因子分析共提取5个腧穴配伍单元公因子。结论:针刺治疗落枕取穴以远端取穴为主,主要是后溪、落枕与外关等上肢穴位,同时重视近端取穴、循经取穴和特定穴的联合使用,常配合辨经、辨证及辨症理念治疗。

Objective:To analyze the acupoint selection rules for treating stiff neck based on data mining techniques,thus to provide references for clinical treatment of stiff neck.Methods:The Literature on acupuncture treating stiff neck were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM from the establishment to October 13,2023.A database was established using Excel spreadsheets to analyze the application patterns of treatment methods,acupoint selection,meridian attribution,anatomical locations,and specific acupoints in the included literature that met the inclusion criteria.Results:Among the clinical applications of acupuncture for treating stiff neck,the most frequently used acupoint was Houxi(SI3),followed by Laozhen(EX-UE8),Xuanzhong(GB39)and Waiguan(TE5).The main meridians associated with the selected acupoints were Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian,Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian,and Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian.The most commonly applied anatomical locations were the upper limbs,followed by the lower limbs and the neck and nape area.As for specific acupoints,eight confluent points were most commonly used,followed by Shu and Luo-connecting points.Cluster analysis resulted in three major clusters of acupoint combinations,and factor analysis extracted five common factors related to acupoint compatibility.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment for stiff neck primarily focuses on distal acupoints selection,including SI3,EX-UE8 and TE5 in the upper limb region.It is also important to consider proximal acupoint selection,acupoints along the meridians and specific acupoints.Treatment approaches that incorporate meridian differentiation,pattern differentiation,and symptom differentiation are often employed.