主题分析法:中国心理学质性研究新视角

Thematic Analysis Method:A New Perspective on Qualitative Research in Chinese Psychology

相较于心理学中主流的量化研究,主题分析有其独特的视角和优势。作为一种分析质性数据的实用技术,主题分析法拥有多元的哲学基础和方法论框架,操作步骤包括:熟悉数据、初级编码、寻找主题、复核主题、主题概念化和发展概念模型。这种方法强大有效并且简单灵活,但需要注意特定的使用规范。当前,中国心理学质性研究虽然发展迅速,却也暴露了方法论认识不足、产出大量泛质性研究等问题。主题分析法在质性研究规范化、心理学方法论变革以及心理学中国化方面展现出极大的价值,在中国心理学多个分支领域均有着广阔的应用前景。

Compared to mainstream quantitative research in psychology,thematic analysis has unique perspectives and advantages.As a practical technique for analyzing qualitative data,thematic analysis holds a multifaceted philosophical foundation and methodological framework,with steps that include:familiarization with the data,initial coding,searching for themes,reviewing themes,conceptualization of themes,and development of a conceptual model.This method is powerful,effective,simple and flexible,but requires attention to specific norms of use.Currently,qualitative research in Chinese psychology is developing rapidly,but it also reveals problems such as insufficient methodological understanding and a large number of generic qualitative studies.Thematic analysis has shown great value in the regularization of qualitative research,the methodological revolution of psychology,and the localization of psychology,and has broad application prospects in many branches of Chinese psychology.