子痫-子痫前期的早期认知与概念演变

Early cognition and conceptual evolution of eclampsia and preeclampsia

子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病中的重要类型,发病率高,多器官受累,严重威胁母婴健康。本文回顾了医学史上对子痫的认知过程,探讨了随着血压测量和尿液分析技术的发展而建立的“子痫前期”的概念,以及历史上对子痫和子痫前期病因学的阐述。从胎位异常到胎盘功能异常,再到内皮细胞功能障碍,尽管子痫-子痫前期的具体发病机制尚未明确,但通过回顾这一历程,能够更深入地理解该领域医学认知发展的演变及其本质,从而掌握当前实践的认知基础,并洞察其潜在的局限性。

Preeclampsia is one of the most important types among hypertensive disorders during pregnancy,characterized by a high incidence,multi-organ involvement,and severe threats to maternal and fetal health.This paper reviews the historical understanding of eclampsia,explores the development of the concept of"preeclampsia"alongside advancements in blood pressure measurement and urinalysis technologies,and examines the historical explanations of the etiology of eclampsia and preeclampsia.From abnormal fetal positioning to placental dysfunction and endothelial cell dysfunction,although the exact pathogenesis of eclampsia-preeclampsia remains unclear,reviewing this historical progression provides a deeper understanding of the evolution of this field and its essence.This,in turn,helps to grasp the cognitive foundations of current practices and the potential limitations.