地方志书写与国家治理——万历《铜仁府志》发微

Local Records Writing and National Governance-Elucidating Subtleties in Wanli Tongrenfu Records

地方志中人物、事迹和艺文选取体现编纂者的“心裁”和“微旨”,也反映地方志的特殊作用。万历《铜仁府志》将“省级”官员阴子淑“降级”纳入府志名宦,看似与常规多有不合,但体现了儒家“文化”的“以文化人”古典涵义;同时对阴子淑《圣像记》的收录,反映了明朝对于以文化促进国家统一巨大作用的深刻认识,揭示了文化与政治的复杂关系。这也提醒我们,应当视地方志为一有机独立的整体,高度重视其书写“笔法”,从中吸取国家治理等宝贵智慧。

The selection of personages,achievements,and arts and literature in local records reflects the"mental judgement"and"subtle intentions"of compilers and the special functions of local records.Wanli Tongrenfu Records"downgraded"Yin Zishu,a"provincial level"official,into one of famous officials in fu records,seemingly out according with the norms,nevertheless reflected the classic meaning of"cultivating people with culture"in the Confucian teachings of"culture".Meanwhile,the inclusion of Yin Zishu's Sacred Portrait Notes,reflected deep understandings on part of the Ming Court on the tremendous role of culture in national unification,and revealed the complex relationship between culture and politics.This also reminds us that local records should be seen as an integrated and independent entirety,and its"ways of writing"must be highly emphasized to absorb precious intelligence of national governance.