席勒与现代大学

Schiller and Modern University

席勒是德国伟大的剧作家、诗人和文学理论家。从教育上看,席勒在《审美教育书简》中首次提出“美育”概念,影响深远,殊不知席勒也对大学发表过具有重要影响的真知灼见。席勒生活的年代,正值德国现代大学形成之时。席勒曾在耶拿大学任教,其关于大学的论述不仅影响了耶拿大学,对19世纪初创办的柏林大学也有重要影响。可以说,在德国现代大学形成的过程中,时常听到席勒的声音。席勒不断从中吸取营养的德国古典哲学、席勒信奉的新人文主义思想、与席勒有着密切联系的早期浪漫主义思潮,都是德国现代大学思想的源泉和理论基础;席勒在演讲中对大学“面包学者”的鄙视、对“哲学头脑”的赞誉,影响了一代又一代德国大学生和学者。

Schiller is a great German dramatist,poet and literary theorist.From the perspective of education,he first proposed the concept of aesthetic education in On the Aesthetic Education of Man,leading a far-reaching influence.However,it is rarely known that he has also voiced profound insights with great impact on universities.In his time when modern German universities were forming,his exposition on university influenced not only Jena University in which he was working,but also Berlin University founded in the early 19th century.Schiller’s voice has been frequently heard in the shaping of modern German universities.The German classical philosophy that he constantly drew nourishment from,the neo-humanism thought that he embraced and the early romanticism closely related to him are all the source and theoretical basis of modern German university thoughts.In his speech,Schiller’s disdain for bread scholars in university and praise for philosophical mind have influenced generations of German students and scholars.