新型米轨桥枕的设计与试验研究

Design and Experimental Research on New Meter Gauge Bridge Sleeper

既有米轨铁路由于初建年代久远,大部分设施较为陈旧落后,其改造方案需匹配运营需求且经济可行。以肯尼亚既有米轨铁路改造项目为例,计划改造后运行速度60km/h,车辆轴重18t,然而既有桥枕多为木枕,开裂腐蚀等病害严重,木枕还存在使用寿命短,弹性不均,资源贫乏等缺点。因此,有必要以满足运营条件为目的,以节省近期投资、减少远期养护为原则,基于相关规范及桥枕设计方法,对1000mm 轨距预应力钢筋混凝土桥枕进行方案设计,分析列车轴重及发生不利工况时的荷载,引用极限状态法对新型米轨桥枕进行承载力检算,随之开展静荷载抗裂和疲劳试验,结果表明新型米轨桥枕性能高于检验标准,可以应用于米轨铁路建设及改造工程。

The renovation plan for existing meter gauge railways should be match with operational needs and be economically feasible because most of its facilities are outdated due to the long period of initial construction.Take Kenya's existing meter-gauge railway reconstruction project as an example,the planned running speed is 60km/h and the vehicle axle load is 18t after the reconstruction.However,the existing bridge sleepers are mostly wooden sleepers,which suffer from serious problems such as cracking and corrosion.The wooden sleepers also have short service life,uneven elasticity,lack of resources and other shortcomings.Therefore,it is necessary to design pre-stressed reinforced concrete bridge sleepers with a gauge of 1000mm based on relevant specifications and bridge sleeper design methods,with the aim of meeting operating conditions,saving short-term investment and reducing long-term maintenance.Next,this article analyzes the train axle load acting on the bridge sleepers and the load under adverse working conditions.The limit state method is used for bearing capacity calculation,followed by static load crack resistance and fatigue tests.The results show that the performance of the new meter gauge bridge sleepers is higher than the inspection standards and can be applied to the construction and renovation of meter gauge railways.