美国数字货币“长臂管辖”及阻断应对

US"Long-arm Jurisdiction"Over Digital Currencies and Its Blocking Countermeasures

美国“长臂管辖”作为一类特殊的对人管辖,并未脱离司法管辖的范畴。中国语境下对于“长臂管辖”的概念误读,契合了近年来美国“长臂管辖”的扩张实践。美国“长臂管辖”向数字货币这一新兴场域延伸,昭示了美国的地缘政治角力以及中美经济博弈。类型化梳理结果显示,美国的数字货币“长臂管辖”主要基于微弱的联系、宽泛的效果以及专断的权力。在中国依托“一带一路”倡议推进数字人民币国际化进程中,美国的数字货币“长臂管辖”极有可能威胁中国的国家安全、经贸合作和企业发展。为此,中国应从“攻防兼备”的战略视角出发,探索建立数字货币的区块链争议解决机制,同时构建“链上—链下”的全域反制机制。只有破除美国的数字货币“长臂管辖”,才能巩固数字人民币的安全防线。

The concept of the Us"long-arm jurisdiction,"as a special type of in personam jurisdiction,does not depart from the category of judicial jurisdiction.The misinterpretation of the"long-arm jurisdiction"concept in the Chinese context coincides with the expansion of the US"long-arm jurisdiction"in recent years.The extension of the US"long-arm jurisdiction"to the emerging sector of digital currency indicates the US geopolitical maneuvering and the China-US economic game.The typological analysis reveals that the US"long-arm jurisdiction"over digital currencies is mainly based on weak connections,broad effects,and arbitrary power.As China promotes the internationalization of the digital yuan through the Belt and Road Initiative,the US "long-arm jurisdiction"over digital currencies is likely to pose a threat to China's national security,economic and trade cooperation,and enterprise development.In this regard,China should adopt a strategic perspective of"both offense and defense"to explore the establishment of a blockchain dispute resolution mechanism for digital currencies while also developing a comprehensive countermeasure system that operates both on-chain and off-chain.Only by countering the US"long-arm jurisdiction"over digital currencies can China strengthen the security framework for the digital yuan.