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基于流固耦合的混合刷式密封流场特性与密封性能分析

Flow field characteristics and sealing performance analysis of hybrid brush seal based on fluid-solid interaction model
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摘要 刷丝在密闭气流的同时,受到高压降流体的影响,易造成不可恢复性形变和结构损耗,使得间隙间的气体泄漏量增加,加剧发动机推力的损耗。本文采用流固耦合模型,基于刷式-迷宫密封结构建立了混合刷式密封模型,进行了密封流场的非定常数值模拟,探究不同进出口压差条件下密封结构泄漏流动和结构形变特性,并结合泄漏量数据分析了混合刷式密封结构的密封效果。研究结果表明:受进出口气压差的影响,混合刷式密封的刷丝最大位移量超过刷丝束间隙值,其中处于刷丝束轴向末端的刷丝固定端是最容易发生损耗的危险位置。同工况下,混合刷式密封比刷式密封结构泄漏量可减少约18%。刷丝束整体随着压降的增加,在具有更大径向吹下量的同时也伴随着更强的刷丝扰动,但混合刷式密封流场中存在的气流涡旋可以消耗一部分气体能量,减小气流的泄漏速度,对不同压差条件的影响具有一定的适应能力。 Brush filaments,while sealing the gas flow,are subjected to high pressure drop fluid,which is prone to cause irrecoverable deformation and structural loss,making the gas leakage in the gap increase and exac⁃erbating the loss of engine propulsion.Based on the FSI(fluid-structure interaction)model,a hybrid brush seal model was established with brush-labyrinth sealing features,and the fluid-solid interaction model is adopted for the non-stationary numerical simulation of the sealing flow field to investigate the leakage flow and structural de⁃formation characteristics of the sealing structure under different inlet and outlet differential pressure conditions.And the sealing effect of hybrid brush seal was analysed by considering the leakage.The results show that,the maximum displacement of the brushes of the hybrid brush seal exceeds the value of the clearance of the brush strand due to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet,with the fixed end of the brushes at the axial end of the brush bundle is the most hazardous location for wear and tear to occur.And under the same working conditions,the hybrid brush seal can reduce the leakage by about 18%compared with the brush seal structure.The increase in pressure drop across the brush strand is accompanied by greater radial blowdown and stronger brush disturbances.However,the vortex of the gas flow in the hybrid brush seal flow field can consume part of the gas energy and reduce the leakage velocity of the gas flow,so it has a certain adaptability to the effects of differen⁃tial pressure conditions.
作者 李昊 张桂昌 霍维斌 唐鑫浩 LI Hao;ZHANG Guichang;HUO Weibin;TANG Xinhao(School of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处 《推进技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第12期158-169,共12页 Journal of Propulsion Technology
基金 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3122017024) 中国民航大学研究生科研创新项目(2022YJS044)。
关键词 刷式-迷宫密封 流固耦合模型 迟滞效应 流场特性 形变 泄漏量 Brush-labyrinth seal Fluid-solid interaction model Hysteresis effect Flow field charac⁃teristics Deformation Leakage
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