美济礁沉积砂可培养细菌多样性分析

Diversity of culturable bacteria in the sedimentary sands of the Meiji Reef

南海岛礁特殊的环境造就了丰富多样的微生物,大量微生物资源尚待挖掘和利用,但由于地理因素限制导致目前研究较少。本研究运用寡营养结合高盐和高温条件对美济礁沉积砂中的可培养微生物进行选择性分离,探究其多样性及分布情况,并运用多种特殊培养基对所获得微生物功能进行分析。鉴定结果显示,分离获得的674株细菌属于5门、6纲、26目、38科、62属、146种,相似性低于98.65%的潜在新种有42个,占28.7%。在获得的可培养细菌中,假单胞菌门和放线菌门是最为丰富的类群,占所有分离菌株数量的61.6%。功能筛选发现2种降解磷细菌、36种产脲酶细菌和57种产铁载体细菌。以上结果显示,美济礁珊瑚砂环境微生物丰度和丰富度较高,新种资源丰富。这为后续岛礁微生物资源开发和岛礁珊瑚砂环境生态修复等工作奠定了基础。

The special environment of reefs in the South China Sea has created a rich and colorful microbial world,where a large number of microorganisms are yet to be excavated and utilized.Due to geographical conditions and other factors,there are few studies on them.In this paper,culturable microorganisms were selectively isolated from the sedimentary sands of the Meiji Reef by using oligotrophic media combined with high salt and high temperature conditions.And their diversity and distribution were also studied,a variety of functional media were used to explore the functions of these microorganisms.The 674 isolates belong to 5 phyla,6 classes,26 orders,38 families,62 genera,146 species,respectively,and 42 potential new species with less than 98.65% similarity composes around 28.7% all of them.Among the cultured bacteria obtained,the Phyla of Actinobacteriota and Pseudomonadota are the most abundant,accounting for 61.6% of the total isolated strains.Functional analysis revealed that 2 species have the phospho-reducing activity,36 species have the urease-producing activity and 57 species have the iron-bearing activity.The research results indicate that there are microbial abundance,much new species resources and high diversity of microorganism with special ecology functions in the reef environment.In study,these accumulates rich microbial species resources,laying the foundation for the deeply exploration of microbial resources utilization and the ecological restoration of the coral-sands ecosystem in the Meiji Reef.