儿童视角中的后殖民世界——《杀死一只知更鸟》的“自我”重塑

The Postcolonial World from Children’s Perspective-Reshaping the“Self”in Killing a Mockingbird

后殖民理论作为一种视角具有与其他视角融合的开放性,因为后殖民世界的揭示不是为了停留于过去,而是为了重塑未来。本文以小说《杀死一只知更鸟》为例,关注到以往研究所忽视的儿童视角与后殖民批评之间的特殊联系,以期用儿童视角去除和超越二元对立的后殖民理论。事实上,借助于儿童视角,殖民世界得以重新审视自身的复杂人性与社会关系,这也意味着身处殖民历史中的人们重拾自我,脱困于原世界的殖民话语而收获成长。“童真知更鸟”是新自我实现对旧自我超越的一盏破雾灯,给矛盾的自我重新提供价值选择的机会、抚慰过去被伤害被侮辱的心灵,使自我真正与旧我、旧世界达成和解、获得和谐。

The postcolonial theory,as a perspective,has a kind of openness to integrate with other perspectives,because the revelation of the postcolonial world is not for the purpose of preserving the past,but for reshaping the future.Taking novel To Kill a Mockingbird as an example and focusing on the special connection between the child’s perspective and postcolonial criticism that has been overlooked in previous research,this article uses the child’s perspective to remove and transcend the postcolonial theory of binary opposition.In fact,with the help of a child’s perspective,the colonial world was able to rereconsider its complex human nature and social relationships,which also meant that people in colonial history regained themselves,freed themselves from the colonial discourse of the original world,and gained growth.The childlike mockingbird is a breaking fog lamp for the new self to achieve transcendence over the old self,providing an opportunity for the conflicting self to make new value choices,soothing the hurt and insulted souls of the past,and truly achieving reconciliation and harmony with the old self and the old world.