ICU新护士转型冲击现状及影响因素研究

Current situation of the transformation shock of newly graduated nurses in the ICU and its influencing factors analysis

目的调查ICU新护士转型冲击现状,并探究其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法对广州市7所三级医院的170名ICU新护士进行问卷调查,调查工具包括一般资料调查表、新护士转型冲击评价量表、心理资本量表和护理工作环境量表。结果ICU新护士转型冲击得分为(88.52±21.59)分,其中知识和技能方面条目均分最高(3.47±0.80)分、社会文化与发展方面条目均分最低(3.07±0.85)分;是否在工作单位实习、ICU工作时长、心理资本和护理工作环境这4个因素对ICU新护士转型冲击产生重要影响。结论ICU新护士转型冲击处于中等偏上水平,且受到自身心理及周围工作环境的影响。建议护理管理者对ICU新入职护士进行心理辅导与支持,并提供融洽的工作氛围,帮助其顺利度过转型期。

Objective To investigate the transformation shock of newly graduated nurses in the ICU and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 170 new ICU nurses from seven tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou was investigated by convenience sampling method.The investigation was conducted using a general information questionnaire,the New Nurse Transitional Shock Assessment Scale,the Psychological Capital Scale,and the Nursing Work Environment Scale.Results The total score of transition shock for newly graduated nurses in the ICU was(88.52±21.59),with the knowledge and skills dimension scoring the highest(3.47±0.80),and the social and cultural development dimension scoring the lowest(3.07±0.85).Whether to practice in the work unit,working hours,psychological capital,and working environment significantly impacted the transformation shock of new nurses in the ICU.Conclusion The transition shock of newly graduated nurses in the ICU is at an upper-middle level and is affected by their own psychology and the surrounding work environment.Nursing managers should provide psychological counseling and support for newly graduated nurses in the ICU and create a harmonious work atmosphere to help them successfully navigate the transition period.