针对车身加速度的半主动悬架模糊PID仿真研究

Fuzzy PID simulation of semi⁃active suspension based on vertical acceleration of a vehicle body

比例-积分-微分(PID)控制汽车半主动悬架时由于无法实时调整参数,相对于被动悬架可减小车身加速度,对改善汽车乘坐舒适性的优化效果有限。通过Simulink建立了1/4车辆半主动悬架的数学模型以及路面激励模型,在原有PID控制系统下引入模糊控制策略。以车身垂直加速度及其变化率作为模糊PID控制的输入,实现对PID控制器在原有参数范围内的实时动态调整,并对悬架性能指标进行仿真分析。结果表明,相对于被动悬架,PID控制下的半主动悬架车身加速度优化了17.1%,而模糊PID控制下的半主动悬架优化了35.9%,优化效果更加理想,并且同时兼顾了悬架动挠度。

Compared with passive suspension,PID control cannot adjust the parameters in real time,hence the optimization effect of reducing vehicle acceleration and improving vehicle ride comfort is limited.In this paper,the mathematical model and road excitation model of 1/4 vehicle semi-active suspension are established by Simulink,and a fuzzy control strategy is introduced under the original PID control system.With the body vertical acceleration and its rate of change as the input of fuzzy PID control,real-time dynamic adjustment of the PID controller is realized within the original parameter range,and the performance index of the suspension is simulated and analyzed.The results show that the optimization effect of the semi-active suspension under PID control is 17.1%,while the optimization effect of the semi-active suspension under fuzzy PID control is more ideal than that of the passive suspension by 35.9%,and the dynamic deflection of the suspension is taken into account.