人工智能时代的教学变革:以深度学习驱动课堂形态嬗变

Teaching Reform in the Era of Artificial Intelligence:Driving Classroom Form Evolution with Deep Learning

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能的产生改变了知识生产模式,形成了更高层次的技术替代,重塑了社会生产与运行、个体生活和生存状态,要求教育以追寻“人的整全性”为逻辑基础,转向以“转知为智、涵养生命、建构能力和创新引领”为目的的教育,与深度学习所倡导的批判性学习、深加工理解、主动知识建构和复杂问题解决的需求相耦合。人工智能在教育系统中可衍生出多种应用模式,对于教学形态进化而言,应借助人工智能知识生成的便利性服务学习者对知识的批判性理解和深加工建构,以教学过程的适配性服务学习者学习过程的自适应,以情境塑造的复杂性服务学习成效的迁移性,以人机互动的支持服务创新协同的师生关系。而这些人工智能课堂应用场景的建立,既是深度学习的实践强化,也是课堂形态逐步实现以个性适应、关怀独特、价值多元和评价超越为表征,以“人机协同”为依托的大规模个性化课堂生成,后效将推动课堂形态完成从“标准化课堂”向“大规模个性化课堂”的整体嬗变。

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence represented by ChatGPT has transformed knowledge production mode,generated higher-level technology substitute and reshaped social producing and running and individual life and existence.It requires education to follow the logic of"wholeness of human beings"and regard"transform knowledge into intelligence,nurture life,construct ability and promote innovation"as goal,so as to fit the demands of deep learning such as critical learning,deep processing understanding,active knowledge construction and complicate problem solving.AI can derive a variety of application modes in education system.For teaching form evolution,we should use the convenience of Al knowledge generation to serve learners'critical understanding and deep processing construction of knowledge,serve learners'adaptation of learning process with the adaptability of teaching process,serve the mobility of learning effect with the complexity of situation shaping,and support teacher-student relationship innovation and cooperation with human-computer interaction.The establishment of these AI classroom application scenarios can strengthen deep learning and construct large-scale individualized classroom characterized by personality adaptation,unique care,multiple values and evaluation transcendence and relying on human-computer cooperation,so as to promote the overall evolution from standardized classroom to large-scale individualized classroom.