基于光纤光栅的轨道区段状态无线检测系统设计

Design of Wireless Detection System for Track Section Status Based on Fiber Bragg Grating

轨道区段状态检测失效可能导致较严重的铁路交通事故,针对现有轨道区段状态检测设备存在电磁信号的干扰、数据传输速度慢、轨道分路不良等缺陷,结合光纤光栅传感器不受电磁信号干扰等特点,利用光纤光栅技术、超声波技术、NB-IoT无线物联网等技术实现具有远程监控和自动检测轨道区段状态的测系统。实际测试证明,所设计的检测系统能够实现轨道区段占用、钢轨温度、钢轨断裂等状态检测,满足对断轨进行实时检测的要求,大大地提高铁路运行的安全,在轨道交通领域具有广阔的应用前景和市场。

The failure of track section status detection may lead to more serious railway traffic accidents.This paper addresses the shortcomings of existing track section status detection equipment,such as susceptibility to electromagnetic signal interference,slow data transmission speed,and poor track branching.Combining the characteristics of fiber optic grating sensors that are not affected by electromagnetic signal interference,this article utilizes fiber optic grating technology,ultrasonic technology,and NB IoT wireless Internet of Things and other technologies are used to implement a measurement system with remote monitoring and automatic detection of track section status.Actual testing has proven that the designed detection system can achieve status detection such as track section occupancy,rail temperature,and rail fracture,meeting the requirements of real-time detection of broken rails and greatly improving the safety of railway operation.