房山区573名3~6岁儿童不同体成分的体质发展状况分析

Analysis of the Physical Development Status of 573 Children Aged 3 to 6 Years in Fangshan District

目的分析3~6岁儿童不同身体脂肪量、肌肉量的体质监测结果,了解身体脂肪量、肌肉量变化对体质发展水平影响。方法采取随机整群抽样法对房山区4个乡镇幼儿园573名3~6岁儿童的身体形态指标和身体素质指标进行生物电阻抗法监测,并进行方差分析。结果3~6岁儿童不同体脂肪量、肌肉量的体质监测素质指标:握力、立定跳远、双脚连续跳、15 m绕障碍跑、走平衡木的监测结果差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。身体脂肪量、肌肉量不同程度增加,对身体不同素质指标监测结果上升或下降的趋势是不同的。结论身体脂肪量在一定范围内增加,对身体素质指标握力、15 m绕障碍跑、立定跳远、双脚连续跳、走平衡木的监测结果是有利的;随着身体肌肉量的增加,身体素质指标:握力、立定跳远监测结果成绩呈上升的趋势。

Objective To analyze the physical fi tness monitoring results of diff erent body fat and muscle mass in children aged 3 to 6 years old,and to understand the infl uence of body fat and muscle mass changes on physical development level.Methods Using random cluster sampling,573 children aged 3 to 6 from four township kindergartens in Fangshan District were selected for monitoring of body morphology and physical fitness indicators using bioelectrical impedance analysis,and variance analysis was conducted.Results There were statistically significant differences in the physical fitness monitoring quality indexes of diff erent body fat and muscle mass in children aged 3 to 6 years old:grip strength,standing long jump,continuous jump with both feet,15-meter obstacle course,and balance beam(P<0.05).With diff erent degrees of increase in body fat and muscle mass,the trends of increasing or decreasing of diff erent physical quality indexes were diff erent.Conclusion With the increase of body fat in a certain range,it is benefi cial to the monitoring results of physical quality indexes:grip strength,15-meter obstacle course,standing long jump,continuous jump with both feet,and balance beam.With the increase of body muscle mass,the monitoring results of physical quality indexes:grip strength,standing long jump show an increasing trend.