厦门市某中学2023年初中学生常见病患病情况分析

Analysis of common diseases among junior high school students in Xiamen in 2023

目的 了解厦门市某中学初中学生常见病患病情况,为防治学生常见病提供依据。方法 收集厦门市某中学2023年就读的初中学生体检资料,对不同性别、年级常见病检出率进行分析。结果 本次共调查初中学生2 116人,屈光近视检出率为84.97%,裸眼视力低下检出率为77.79%,不同性别屈光近视和裸眼视力低下检出率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),随着年级增加,学生屈光近视及裸眼视力低下检出率呈上升趋势。患龋率为19.33%,女生患龋率较高,龋齿检出率随年级增加呈上升趋势。营养不良检出率为7.04%,不同性别营养不良检出率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),七年级、八年级和九年级营养不良检出率差异无统计学意义(P=0.9)。肥胖检出率为10.73%,不同性别肥胖检出率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),肥胖检出率随着年级的升高逐渐下降。结论 厦门市某中学2023年初中学生常见病问题比较突出,应采取综合防控措施控制学生常见病患病率。

Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases among middle school students in a middle school in Xiamen,and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of common diseases among students.Methods Statistical analysis of the physical examination data of junior high school students enrolled in a middle school in Xiamen in 2023 was conducted.The detection rates of common diseases were compared on the basis of gender and grade using theχ^(2) test.Results A total of 2116 middle school students were assessed in this study,and a detection rate of 84.97%for refractive myopia and 77.79%for naked eye vision impairment was observed.There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of refractive myopia and naked eye vision impairment between males and females(P<0.01).Students in higher grades showed an upward trend in the detection rates of refractive myopia and naked eye vision impairment.The incidence rate of caries was 19.33%,and was higher in females.The caries detection rate showed an upward trend with increasing grade.The detection rate of malnutrition was 7.04%,and there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of malnutrition between males and females(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of malnutrition among students in the seventh,eighth,and ninth grade(P=0.9).The detection rate of obesity was 10.73%,and there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of obesity between males and females(P<0.01).The detection rate of obesity gradually decreased with increasing grade.Conclusion The common diseases among junior high school students in Xiamen City in 2023 are quite prominent,and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the incidence of common diseases among students.