2015—2022年泰安市流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of mumps in Taian from 2015 to 2022

目的 分析泰安市2015—2022年流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,掌握流行病学规律,为制订流行性腮腺炎防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 通过全民健康保障疾控信息系统的传染病监测系统收集泰安市2015—2022年的流行性腮腺炎病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2015—2022年泰安市共报告流行性腮腺炎病例2 279例,年均发病率为5.10/10万,呈先上升后下降趋势。各月份均有病例报告,4—7月报告病例数最多,占41.60%。2015—2022年男性发病人数1 412人,女性发病人数867人,男性发病率(50.28/10万)高于女性发病率(31.19/10万)。发病患者中年龄最小为3个月,最大89岁,年龄分布以10岁以下为主,共1 611例(70.69%),发病率随年龄增大而上升;职业分布以学生、托幼儿童为主,分别为797例(34.97%)、649例(28.48%)。泰安市6个县市区均有病例报告,主要分布在泰山区(520例,22.82%),其次为肥城市(470例,20.63%)和新泰市(412例,18.08%)。结论 2015—2022年泰安市流行性腮腺炎呈先上升后下降趋势,10岁以下学生及托幼儿童是流行性腮腺炎的主要防控群体,应加强儿童入托、入学预防接种证查验和腮腺炎疫苗查漏补种工作。

Objective This study analyzed the epidemic characteristics of the mumps virus,caused by a family of viruses known as paramyxoviruses,in Taian from 2015 to 2022,to determine the epidemiological regulations,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.Methods Data on mumps cases in Taian from 2015 to 2022 were retrieved from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information Management System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 2279 cases of mumps were reported in Taian.The average annual incidence was 5.10/100000,and the overall trend showed an initial increase followed by a decrease.Cases were reported in every month,and 41.60%of cases were reported between April and July.The number of males and females were 1412 and 867 respectively,and the incidence rate in males(50.28/100000)was higher than that in females(31.19/100000).The youngest patient was 3 months old,and the oldest was 89 years old.The age distribution was primarily below 10 years of age(1611 cases,70.69%).The incidence rate increased with age.Analysis of occupational distribution indicated that most cases were in students and kindergarten children,with 797 cases(34.97%)and 649 cases(28.48%),respectively.Cases were reported in six districts(cities)in Taian,mainly in Taishan District,Feicheng City,and Xintai City,for 22.82%(520 cases),20.63%(470 cases),and 18.08%(412 cases),respectively.Conclusions The trends in mumps cases in Taian from 2015 to 2022 first increased and subsequently decreased.Students and kindergarten children under 10 years of age are the main target groups for prevention and control of mumps.Efforts regarding inspection of school children’s attendance,admission vaccination certificates,and missed mumps vaccines and reseeding should be strengthened.