哮喘患儿呼气冷凝物菌群多样性及其与病情的相关性

Diversity of expiratory condensate microflora and its correlation with asthma in children

目的探讨哮喘患儿呼气冷凝物菌群的多样性,分析其多样性与病情的相关性。方法前瞻性选取2020年12月至2024年1月来我院接受治疗的98例哮喘患儿作为研究对象纳入研究组,选取同期于我院接受健康检查的50例健康儿童作为观察对象,纳入对照组。采用微生物评估方法对比研究组患儿和对照组儿童呼吸道中的呼气冷凝物的物种多样性,同时根据研究组患儿的临床表现将其分为轻中度组、重度组,采用Spearman分析其呼气冷凝物菌群多样性与病情的相关性。结果研究组的呼吸道菌群主要为变形菌门、厚壁菌门以及拟杆菌门,其中以变形菌门占比最高;研究组的丰富度指数Chao1、ACE以及多样性指数Evenness均低于对照组,多样性指数Shannon、Simpson均高于对照组(P<0.05);根据研究组患儿的临床表现进行亚分组后发现,重度组的丰富度指数Chao1、ACE以及多样性指数Evenness均低于轻中度组,多样性指数Shannon、Simpson均高于轻中度组(P<0.05);Spearman分析显示,哮喘的病情与ACE(r_( s)=-0.734,P<0.05)、Chao(r_( s)=-0.618,P<0.05)以及Evenness指数(r_( s)=-0.384,P<0.05)呈负相关,与Shannon(r_( s)=0.724,P<0.05)、simpson指数(r_( s)=0.642,P<0.05)呈正相关。结论在哮喘患儿的呼气冷凝物菌群中存在较高的菌群多样性,同时菌群多样性越高,患者的病情越严重。

Objective To explore the diversity of exhalation condensate flora in children with asthma and analyze the correlation between its diversity and disease condition.Methods 98 children with asthma who came to our hospital for treatment from December 2020 to January 2024 were selected prospectively and included in the research group,and 50 healthy children who received health examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the observation objects and included in the control group.The microbial assessment was used to compare the species diversity of expiratory condensate in the respiratory tract of children in the study group and those in the control group,and the children were divided into the mild and modertae group and the severe group according to their clinical manifestations.Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between the flora diversity of expiratory condensate and disease condition.Results The respiratory flora of the research group was mainly Proteus,Scleroderma and Bacteroides,with Proteus accounting for the highest proportion.The richness indices Chao1,ACE and diversity index Evenness of the research group were lower than those of the control group,and the diversity indices Shannon and Simpson were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).According to the clinical manifestations of children in the study group,the results of subgroup analysis showed that the richness indices Chao1,ACE and diversity index Evenness in the severe group were lower than those in the mild and modertae group,and the diversity indices Shannon and Simpson were higher than those in the mild and modertae group(P<0.05).Spearman′s analysis showed that the condition of asthma was negatively correlated with ACE(r=-0.734,P<0.05),CHAO(r=-0.618,P<0.05)and Evenness index(r=-0.384,P<0.05),and positively correlated with Shannon(r=0.724,P<0.05)and Simpson′s index(r=0.642,P<0.05).Conclusion There is high flora diversity in the expiratory condensate flora of children with asthma,and the higher the flora diversity,the more serious the patient′s condition would be.