故宫博物院藏清代紫檀木边嵌染牙竹石图中堂挂屏文物的保护修复研究

Research on the Restoration of Red Sandalwood FrameHanging Screen with Dyed Ivory Inlay fromQing Dynasty in the Palace Museum

故宫博物院所藏的清代紫檀木边嵌染牙竹石图中堂挂屏(文物号:故201082)是以乾隆皇帝御临图样为底本,转制为挂屏的一种典型文物。目前因文物表面尘污以及构件松动、脱色、脱落、缺失等伤况需要进行保养和修复。修复前,采用光学显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、红外光谱仪、超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱仪对该文物中的镶嵌材质及染料进行检测。结果显示,镶嵌材质主要为象牙和青金石,朱竹叶片的染料为朱砂、红花甙及藏猩红3B,青金石则用自身矿物颜料进行了加色处理。根据上述测试分析结果,制定了固色除尘和嵌件补配等保护修复方案。此次文物修复研究不仅为后期象牙染色挂屏的修复提供参考,也为文物御临图样转制分析及清代宫廷相关文物的保护修复提供了案例支持。

The red sandalwood frame hanging screen with dyed ivory inlays(the Palace Museum collection)is a typical cultural relic from the Qing Dynasty,and it was created based on an imitation painting painted by Emperor Qianlong.Currently,the hanging screen needs immediate restoration due to the dustiness of the surface and the loose,discoloration,and missing of inlays.Before restoration,the inlaid materials and dyes were analyzed using optical microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy,and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.The results show that the inlaid materials were mainly ivory and lapis lazuli,and the dyes of the ivory are cinnabar,carthamin,and brilliant crocein.The inlaid lapis lazuli was re-coloured using natural lapis lazuli mineral pigments.Based on these results,a targeted restoration plan was developed,including colour fixation,dust removal,and inlays complement,etc.The research on the restoration of the hanging screen not only provides a valuable reference for the future restoration of dyed ivory objects,but also contributes insights into the research on imperial imitation painting and cross-material transformation and the preservation of related Qing court artifacts.