活动矫治器对上颌骨尺寸狭窄儿童牙弓宽度的影响

Evaluation of the Impact of Removable Appliances on Dental Arch Width in Children with Dental Malocclusion

目的评估在12个月的时间内使用活动矫治器对上颌骨尺寸狭窄儿童生长变化的影响。方法选取2017年1月至2023年12月邯郸市中心医院收治的患者102例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组(使用活动矫治器进行治疗,54例)和对照组(无明显颅面畸形,不需正畸治疗,48例),治疗12个月。测量治疗前后上颌牙弓宽度变化,使用SPSS进行统计分析。结果2组患者的性别、年龄和身高比较,差异无统计学意义。治疗组上颌牙弓前部和后部宽度在治疗后显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),增加速度与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.01)。结论活动矫治器能显著改善上颌骨尺寸狭窄问题,具有良好的临床应用价值。早期干预不仅矫治牙齿排列和咬合,还能改善整体口腔功能和健康。

Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of removable appliances used over a 12-month period on growth changes in children with narrowed jaw dimensions.Method 102 patients admitted to Handan Central Hospital from January 2017 to December 2023 were included in the study.These patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method:treatment group(treated with removable appliances)and control group(without craniofacial deformities requiring orthodontic treatment).The treatment period was 12 months.The changes in maxillary dental arch width before and after treatment were measured,and SPSS was used for statistical analysis.Result There were no significant differences in gender,age,and height between the two groups.The anterior and posterior width of the maxillary dental arch in the treatment group increased significantly after treatment(P<0.001),and the difference in the rate of increase compared to the control was significant(P=0.01).Conclusion The removable appliance significantly improved the problem of narrow maxillary size and had good clinical application value.Early intervention not only corrected tooth alignment and bite,but also improved overall oral function and health.