从李益和《御览诗》看盛唐“旧法”在中唐延续的趋向

The Continuation of the“Old Law”in the Mid-Tang Dynasty as in Li Yi’s Work and Yulan Poetry

在诗歌大变的浪潮中,以李益为代表的一些诗人将盛唐诗的风格延续到中唐。《御览诗》从中选取的部分近体诗,也局部反映了“旧法”在当时的发展趋向。这一现象说明恰如其分地评价盛唐诗歌创作传统在中唐的影响,也是唐诗史研究的题中之义。通过文本分析,可知李益善于在古体和绝句中融会贯通地运用前代以乐府为主的诗歌创作原理和表现元素,并凭借新鲜的生活体验为“旧法”拓出新境。而《御览诗》则展现了律绝各体走向衰退和兴盛的不同前景。“旧法”在中唐各类诗体中发展的不平衡有多种原因,最关键的是能否推陈出新,保持发展的活力。因而辩证地认识盛唐“旧法”在大历以后延续的态势和得失,有助于厘清中唐各派诗歌多元共存的复杂景观,深入理解元和诗歌发生大变的逻辑必然性。

In the wave of great changes in poetry,some poets represented by Li Yi李益continued the style of Prime-Tang poetry to the Mid-Tang dynasty.The selected portions of regulated verse from the Yulan Poetry御览诗partially reflected the development trend of the“old law”at that time.This shows that it is essential for scholars of Tang poetry history to accurately evaluate the influence of the Prime-Tang tradition on Mid-Tang poets.Textual analysis reveals that Li Yi adeptly integrates and applies the poetic creation principles and expressive elements in the previous eras,primarily based on the Yuefu poetry乐府,in both ancient style and quatrains,and by virtue of the fresh life experience to open up a new realm for the“old law”.On the other hand,Yulan Poetry shows the different prospects of the decline and prosperity of each genre.There are many reasons for the unbalanced development of the“old law”across various poetic forms in Mid-Tang dynasty,with the most critical being the ability to innovate and maintain the vitality of development.Therefore,a dialectical understanding of the continuation of the Prime Tang“old law”after the Dali大历period,along with its gains and losses,helps clarify the complex landscape of the coexistence of various schools of poetry in the Mid-Tang and deepens the understanding of the logical inevitability of the great changes in Yuanhe元和poetry.