经学视野下的诗学系统——《六艺流别·诗艺》研究

A Poetic System from the Perspective of Confucian Classics:Focusing on the Shiyi Section of the Liuyi liubie

明代黄佐《六艺流别》以六艺为宗,把经典之源与后代文体之流建构为分级分支衍生的系统,它以“文体树状图”的阐释模式,突破传统的线性思维,简洁而直观地表达出“文本于经”语境下文体族群的繁衍关系。这种文章总集的著述形态在中国古代文体学史上独树一帜。《六艺流别》以《诗》艺源流建构了一个经学视野下的诗学体系模式。它以《诗》为六艺之首,摹拟解经体解诗,并采用评点、说明类的副文本形式,反映了以文章学为本位的立场。在中国古代文体学史上,关于早期文体的阐释有很大的自由空间,也具有多解性和偶然性。《六艺流别》对早期文体阐释的长处与弊端均颇具代表性。

The Liuyi liubie六艺流别,an anthology compiled by the Ming scholar Huang Zuo黄佐,has established a classification system that takes all Chinese literary categories of later times as branching forms from the Six Confucian Classics六经.Instead of following a linear thinking,it adopts a tree diagram that concisely and visually displays the origin and pedigree of the variety of literary forms.Such a design of an anthology is unique among all pre-modern scholarship on Chinese literary forms.The Liuyi liubie has,especially in the“Shiyi”诗艺section,constructed a poetic system from the perspective of the Confucian Classics.It takes the Classic of Poetry诗经as the first and most important of all the Six Classics,imitates classical scholarship in interpreting the poems,and employs such paratexts as commentary and introductory notes.All of these devices reveal that Huang Zuo has adopted a literary point of view in organizing the whole collection.Seeing that there remains a great degree of flexibility,uncertainty,as well as multiple possibilities,in the interpretation of early Chinese literary forms,what Huang Zuo has offered in the Liuyi liubie for the interpretation of early literary forms has demonstrated both advantages and disadvantages which are quite representative and worthy of note.