两种糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的特点及差异研究

Characterization and differences of two rat models of diabetic nephropathy

目的对比两种造模方法诱导的糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的特点和差异。方法40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组10只(正常组),高糖高脂饮食联合单次链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导组15只(联合诱导组,STZ剂量:30 mg·kg^(-1)),单次大剂量STZ诱导组15只(STZ诱导组,STZ剂量:60 mg·kg^(-1)),检测并对比两种造模方法诱导的糖尿病肾病大鼠在血糖、体重、24 h尿液量、饮食量、饮水量、尿微量白蛋白、尿总蛋白、尿肌酐、尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值(UACR)、血清中血肌酐、尿素氮和内生肌酐清除率等指标及肾脏病理上的差异。结果造模结束后联合诱导组大鼠和STZ诱导组大鼠均出现体重降低、血糖升高、饮食饮水量增加、尿蛋白和尿微量白蛋白含量增加、尿肌酐含量降低、尿素氮含量增加、肾功能受损的情况;两模型组比较,STZ诱导组大鼠饮食饮水量、尿微量白蛋白和尿肌酐含量高于联合诱导组,肾脏病理改变较联合诱导组更为严重。结论两种糖尿病肾病大鼠模型在体重、血糖、肾功能、肾脏病理改变中均有差异,且STZ诱导组大鼠肾脏损伤强度高于联合诱导组大鼠。

Objective To compare the characterzation and differences of two rat models of diabetic nephropathy.Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group(10 rats),a high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with a single Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced group(co-induction group,15 rats,STZ dose:30 mg·kg^(-1)),and 15 rats in a single high-dose Streptozotocin-induced group(STZ-induced group,STZ dose:60 mg·kg^(-1)).The differences in blood glucose,body weight,24 h urine volume,dietary intake,water intake,urinary microalbumin,urinary total protein,urine creatinine,urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(UACR),serum blood creatinine,urea nitrogen,creatinine clearance and renal pathology of diabetic nephropathy rats induced by both modeling methods were detected and compared.Results At the end of the modeling,compared with the normal rats,the body weight and urine creatinine content of the rats in the co-induction group and STZinduced group were decreased,while the blood glucose,diet and water intake,urinary total protein content,urinary microalbumin content,and urea nitrogen content were all increased.The renal function of the rats in coinduction group and STZ-induced group was impaired.Compared with the co-induction group,diet and water intake,urinary microalbumin content and urinary creatinine content were increased in the rats of STZ-induced group,and the renal pathological changes were more severe than those in the co-induction group.Conclusion The two rat models of diabetic nephropathy differ in body weight,blood glucose,renal function,and renal pathological changes,and the intensity of renal injury is higher in STZ-induced rats than in the co-induction rats in the same model.