大黄的本草考证

Decipherment of ancient literatures about rhubarb

目的对大黄进行本草学研究,以正本清源。方法通过查阅历代本草著作,从名称、基原、产地变迁、品质评价四个方面对正品大黄进行本草考证。结果大黄历代名称各异,除大黄外还有将军或牛舌大黄等;各古籍对大黄形态描述简单明了,与现代药典所规定的正品基原描述类似;其产地因时因地有所变迁,主要分布于青海、甘肃和陕西等地;古籍中认为西北及四川等地产的大黄品质佳,与今基本一致。结论通过古籍追本溯源梳理清了大黄的本草学证据,为其道地性研究、规范化种植及资源可持续保护与开发提供科学指导。

Objective To determine the botanical aspects of rhubarb to clarify its origins and authenticity.Methods Through consulting the ancient herbology works,this paper ecaluated the authenticity of rhubarb from four aspects:name,origin,habitat change,and quality evaluation.Results Besides Dahuang,rhubarb had different names such as Jiangjun and Niushe Dahuang,etc..The descriptions of rhubarb plant penophytes in ancient books were simple and clear,which were similar to those of authentic source in modern pharmacopoeia.Its habitat changed with time and places,mainly found in Qinghai,Gansu,and Shaanxi.Rhubarb produced in the northwest of China,and Sichuan,described in different ancient books,had relatively good quality,similar to that of current status.Conclusion Through tracing the source of ancient books and documents,this paper sorts out acient evidence of rhubarb from a herbalism view,providing scientific guidance for further research into rhubarb’s authenticity,standardized cultivation,and sustainable resource protection and development.