中国老年人慢性病现状及其与抑郁症状的关系

Current status of chronic diseases among the old adults in China and its association with depression

目的:分析中国老年人慢性病患病现状及其与抑郁症状的关系。方法:采用2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,纳入60岁以上老年人8358人,分析其15种慢性病患病情况。同时患有2种及以上慢性病为共病。采用简版流调中心用抑郁量表判定是否存在抑郁症状。结果:8358名老年人中,慢性病患病率为86.2%,其中共病率为66.2%;抑郁症状检出率为41.0%。控制年龄、性别、配偶状况、文化程度、居住地区和参保情况后,高血压、关节炎或风湿病、胃部或消化系统疾病、血脂异常、心脏病、糖尿病或血糖升高、慢性肺部疾病、肾脏疾病、中风、哮喘、肝脏疾病、记忆有关疾病、情感及精神问题、帕金森症与老年人抑郁症状相关,OR(95%CI)分别为1.240(1.132~1.358)、2.095(1.912~2.297)、1.895(1.722~2.086)、1.415(1.281~1.564)、1.595(1.440~1.766)、1.411(1.252~1.590)、1.737(1.541~1.957)、2.030(1.771~2.327)、2.037(1.742~2.383)、1.854(1.571~2.188)、1.622(1.374~1.914)、3.006(2.425~3.726)、2.847(2.136~3.794)、2.427(1.686~3.494);且共病患者比单病患者更容易出现抑郁症状。结论:我国老年人慢性病患病率和抑郁症状检出率都处于较高水平;两者关系密切。

Aim:To analyze the current status of chronic diseases among the elderly in China and its association with depression.Methods:Data were sourced from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey,8358 adults aged 60 years or older were chosen.Current status of 15 chronic diseases were analyzed.Having two or more chronic diseases at the same time was considered a co-morbidity.The presence of depressive symptoms was determined using the short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression-10.Results:Among the elderly,86.2%were diagnosed with chronic diseases,with a co-morbidity rate of 66.2%.The detection rate of depression was 41.0%.After controlling age,gender,spousal status,education,residence and insurance participation,hypertension,arthritis or rheumatism,stomach or digestive disease,dyslipidemia,heart disease,diabetes mellitus or elevated blood glucose,chronic lung disease,kidney disease,stroke,asthma,liver disease,memory-related disorders,emotional and mental problems,and Parkinson′s disease were associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly,OR(95%CI)were 1.240(1.132-1.358),2.095(1.912-2.297),1.895(1.722-2.086),1.415(1.281-1.564),1.595(1.440-1.766),1.411(1.252-1.590),1.737(1.541-1.957),2.030(1.771-2.327),2.037(1.742-2.383),1.854(1.571-2.188),1.622(1.374-1.914),3.006(2.425-3.726),2.847(2.136-3.794),2.427(1.686-3.494),respectively;and co-morbidities were more likely to develop depressive symptoms than those with single disease.Conclusion:The prevalence of chronic diseases and the detection rate of depressive symptoms among the elderly in China are both at high levels;the two are closely related.