外來藥物阿魏的異名源流考

A Study on the Synonym Origin of the Exotic Drug Awei(阿魏)

阿魏作爲本土無産的藥物,又名薰渠、興渠、興俱、形虞、央匱。本文以音韻學的方法考證央匱、阿魏乃來自同一個詞源ankwai的對音,因拆分詞節的方法與翻譯地域的不同造成兩者差異。興渠、興瞿、興俱、形虞、形具、薰渠雖出自不同文獻記載,但其實皆來自於梵語Hingu,根據韻部的差異可證明藥物阿魏來華應比現存文獻中記載的時間要更早。阿魏、央匱、興渠、興俱等音譯詞的出現反映阿魏兩條來華途徑,揭示其背後豐富的佛教内涵及貿易往來。

As a native drug that is infertile,Awei(阿魏)is also known as Xunqu(薰渠),Xingqu(興渠),Xingju(興俱),Xingyu(形虞)and Yangkui(央匱).This paper uses the method of phonology to verify that Yangkui(央匱)and Awei(阿魏)are from the same etymology,ankwai.The difference between the two is caused by the method of splitting the syllables and the translation area.Although Xingqu(興渠),Xingqu(興瞿),Xingju(興俱),Xingyu(形虞),Xingju(形具渠),and Xunqu(薰渠)are recorded in different documents,they all come from the Sanskrit Hiṅgu.According to the difference in rhyme,it can be proved that the medicine Awei(阿魏)should come to China earlier than the time recorded in the existing documents.to be earlier.The emergence of transliterated words such as Awei(阿魏),Yangkui(央匱),Xingqu(興渠),and Xingju(興俱)reflects the two ways Awei(阿魏)came to China,revealing the rich Buddhist connotations and trade exchanges behind them.