論清華簡《子犯子餘》簡5釋讀及斷句

Interpretation and Punctuation of Bamboo Slips No.5 in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Zifan Ziyu(《子犯子餘》)

由於《子犯子餘》第5、6號簡前端皆有缺損,以致語境不清,因而給文本釋讀工作造成了很多困難。清華簡七《子犯子餘》簡5中的一段話,整理者原來釋讀爲:“幸得有利不忻獨,欲皆僉之。事有過焉,不忻以人,必身擅之。”學者們對這段話進行了很多討論,但至今其中仍有部分問題没有圓滿解決。本文認爲,該段文字中的“欲”讀爲“裕”,“㒭(■)”讀爲“共”,“事”讀爲“使”,“以”用同“與”。同時,參考前賢的正確釋讀意見,將這段文字釋讀並點斷爲:“幸得有利,不[斤心](憖)獨欲(裕),皆㒭(共)之;事(使)有過焉,不[斤心](憖)以(與)人,必身廛(擅)之。”這段話大致可以理解爲:“(子犯子餘等人)如有幸立功,不敢自己專有其利,都拿去和他人共享;假使有過錯,則不願同他人分擔罪責,一定獨自承擔責任。”

Due to the defects in the front of the No.5 and No.6 slips of Zifan Ziyu(《子犯子餘》),the context is unclear,which has caused many difficulties for the text interpretation.Scholars have carried out a lot of discussions on this paragraph,but so far there are still some problems that have not been solved satisfactorily.This paper argues that in this paragraph,the word Yu(欲)should be explained as Yu(裕),“㒭”should be explained as Gong(共),Shi(事)should be explained as Shi(使),and Yi(以)are should be explained asYu(與).At the same time,with reference to the correct interpretation opinions of the predecessors,this passage can be roughly understood as:“if we are lucky enough to make contributions and dare not to share their own benefits,we must share them with others;if we are at fault,we will not share the responsibility with others,and we must bear the responsibility alone.”