贵州野生葛枣猕猴桃组培快繁体系的建立

Establishment of Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation System of Wild Actinidia polygama in Guizhou

【目的】探明贵州野生葛枣猕猴桃组培快繁体系,为优异猕猴桃野生资源繁殖推广和保存利用提供参考。【方法】以葛枣猕猴桃单芽茎段为外植体,对比分析不同激素浓度组合下葛枣猕猴桃单芽茎段离体后诱导培养、增殖培养、生根培养和植株移栽情况,建立组培快繁技术。【结果】葛枣猕猴桃单芽茎段诱导和增殖培养均以MS培养基为基本培养基,添加不同种类和浓度的植物激素组合后腋芽生长情况不同,诱导率、增殖率和增殖系数呈先升后降趋势或下降趋势;生根培养以1/2 MS培养基为基本培养基,随植物激素的种类和浓度不同其生根情况存在一定差异性,在相同浓度(0.25 mg/L)不同种类植物生长素的生根培养基上,猕猴桃单芽茎段在添加IBA的培养基上生根情况最好。野生葛枣猕猴桃最佳单芽诱导培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA,诱导率达87.33%;最佳增殖培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,增殖系数达4.37;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+0.25 mg/L IBA,生根率可达74.00%,主根数8.57条/株,根长3.93 cm;将生根≥3且带有3~5片叶的组培苗进行移栽,移栽成活率达88.60%。【结论】以贵州野生葛枣猕猴桃的带芽茎段为外植体,成功构建葛枣猕猴桃茎段组培快繁体系:诱导培养(MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2mg/L IBA)、增殖培养(MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L)、生根培养(1/2 MS+0.25 mg/L IBA)和移栽培养(生根≥3且带有3~5片叶的组培苗进行移栽),为葛枣猕猴桃组培苗工厂化快速繁育种苗、苗圃资源保存和利用奠定了基础。

【Objective】The tissue culture and rapid propagation system of wild Actinidia polygama(Sieb.et Zucc.)Maxim.in Guizhou were studied,which provided reference for propagation,popularization,preservation and utilization of excellent wild kiwifruit resources.【Method】Taking A.polygama stem with single bud as explant,the status of inducing culture,proliferation culture,rooting culture and transplantation of A.polygama stem with single bud in vitro were compared and analyzed under different concentrations of hormones,and then the tissue culture and rapid propagation system was established.【Result】The inducing and proliferation culture of A.polygama stem with single bud were all based on MS medium.The growth of axillary buds varied with adding different types and concentrations of plant hormones.The induced rate,proliferation rate,and proliferation coefficient showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,or a trend of continuously decreasing;The rooting culture was based on 1/2 MS medium,and there were certain differences in the rooting situation with different types and concentrations of plant hormones.On the rooting culture medium with the same concentration(0.25 mg/L)of different types of plant growth hormones,the rooting performance of A.polygama stem with single bud was the best on the medium with added IBA.The optimal inducing culture medium for single A.polygama bud was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA,with an induced rate of 87.33%.The optimal proliferation medium was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,with a proliferation coefficient of 4.37.The optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS+0.25 mg/L IBA,with a rooting rate of 74.00%,a main root number of 8.57 per plant,and root length of 3.93 cm.Transplanting tissue cultured seedlings with 3–5 leaves and 3 or more roots resulted in a survival rate of 88.60%.【Conclusion】A tissue culture and rapid propagation system for A.polygama stem is successfully constructed by taking A.polygama stem with bud from Guizhou as explant,which includes inducing culture(MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA),proliferation culture(MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA),rooting culture(1/2 MS+0.25 mg/L IBA),and transplantation culture(rooting≥3 and transplanting tissue culture seedlings with 3–5 leaves),and lays the foundation for the rapid and industrialized breeding of A.polygama tissue culture seedlings,the preservation and utilization of nursery resources.